The earliest pivotal CAR-T trial for R/R DLBCL, utilizing CD19-targeted CAR-T with CD28 costimulatory domain. The ZUMA series has advanced to ZUMA 9 and real-world research, enrolling over 295 patients. Key findings: CD28-based CAR-T triggers rapid, severe cytokine release syndrome (CRS); 32% of patients required ICU admission for CRS. Re-administering identical CAR-T cells to partial response (PR) patients fails to boost efficacy.

The application of CAR-T cell therapy provides new treatment options for patients. Clinical evidence shows that CAR-T cell therapy has achieved remarkable efficacy in hematological malignancies, with some patients even achieving complete remission. All currently approved cellular products have reported these longterm durable responses. Studies show that 83% of lymphoma patients achieve remission after receiving CAR-T cell therapy, of whom 53% achieve complete remission [2].