I Have Gestational Diabetes — What Should I Eat During Pregnancy?

Many expectant mothers first hear of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during pregnancy. Being diagnosed with GDM after normal pre-pregnancy blood sugar can be upsetting.

Director Wei Donghong from Hangzhou Amcare Women's and Children's Hospital, with over 20 years of experience in pregnancy weight management, emphasizes that strict nutrition and weight control lay the foundation for safe delivery and a healthy baby.

Who Is at Higher Risk?

• Age 35 or above

• Obesity

• Chronic hypertension

• History of unexplained preterm birth, miscarriage, fetal anomaly, or macrosomia

• Family history of type 2 diabetes

Risks of Uncontrolled GDM

• Short-term: Fetal growth disorders, fetal distress, neonatal hypoglycemia (may cause irreversible brain damage).

• Long-term: Higher risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease for mother; higher risk of diabetes and metabolic diseases for child.

Eating Guidelines for Mothers with GDM

Follow a low-GI diet, eat slowly, and have small, frequent meals.

• Carbs: Cut intake by 50%; choose brown rice, oats, and whole grains. Limit porridge; drink milk or soy milk instead.

• Protein: Fish, lean meat, low-fat dairy.

• Fats: Use olive oil, soybean oil; avoid animal fats.

• Vegetables & fruit: Plenty of vegetables; fruit up to 500g daily.

• Meal pattern: 6 meals a day; snacks about 20% of total intake.

Stay Active

Do gentle exercise — walking, swimming — to help control blood sugar.

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